用咩方法可以引個仔講說話

kmwun

Sam'sMummy

首先記住唔好跟小朋友講BB話，否則會拖慢小朋友學習用字同發音．其次有機會就指住身邊最常見的事物講佢知，例如電視等等．有一說如果小朋友同時聽唔同語言會影響佢地，例如我地用廣東話同英文稱呼同一件物件，小朋友會覺得混亂．如果想同時教兩種語言，可以指定唔同人講唔同語言，例子父母只講廣東話，菲傭只講英文．另外一樣可以做係o係小朋友有要求時，先要佢講出要求至幫佢，因為係小朋友有要求所以可以引到佢講o既機會大d．例如最初小朋友要飲水，你可以教佢要講個水宇至俾佢，初時發音可能唔正，慢慢改，之間可以慢慢加長，例如飲水，口渴要飲水．

加油啦！

mamee

Sam'sMummy

初初開始, 未必一下子成功. 佢太過肚餓時教, 亦未必係好事, 因為他太心急要支奶.

以想飲奶為例, 可以試下用唔同方法問~係咪想飲奶/要唔要奶/愛唔愛奶?
只期望佢開口發音, 留意下邊個音佢能夠講到, 就用那邊個音去問. 個口唔肯講, 就試下要求佢做動作~點頭/攤開手=俾. 肯做動作, 有陣時都要收貨. 最重要係有溝通既intention.

我地大人講說話要清楚, 高度要俾佢清楚見到我地嘴唇, 同埋拿到佢既專注先教. 我以前唔知, 而仔仔對事物/人的專注又短, 變相只係得我講, 佢無留意過=無成效.

mamee

longfung

mamee,

我記得聽過一個關於言語發展遲緩的講座, 印象最深的就是的一句就是 : 教小朋友說話就好比入錢箱一樣, 要不停的入,總有一天就會入滿, 到時就會有回報, 相信這個經驗很多家長都經過. 而我亦經過仔仔突然有一天讀出超過20個英母的驚喜. 所以你不要理會仔仔有冇反應, 只要繼續努力的跟他講, 因為沒有你的教導他就更沒法進步. 據我所知衛生署的智力測驗中心定期有講座, 其中一些是關於言語問題, 你可以試試可否參加.

稚言治語

大家好，我是一個言語治療師。
有關sam's mummy提出的問題，我有以下問題：
1. 你的孩子有多大？如果超過18個月，那他/她的語言發展便可能遲緩，請及早帶小朋友往見言語治療師作評估，並依據小朋友的情況給予最合適的見議。如果還未夠18個月，便不用太擔心。
2. 小朋友現時能發出一些單音節(例如：bubu)，他有沒有特別的意思呢？
3. 他的理解能力好嗎？例如約12個月大左右便應能夠聽懂"拜拜"的意思；18個月至少可以指出3-4個身體部分。

至於如何引導他說話，可作以下嘗試：
1. 鼓勵他模仿各種聲音，例如"wawawa"、"butbut"(車聲)、"咦呀"、"喔喔"(雞聲)等，小朋友對聲音的模仿能力愈好，便能愈早模仿詞語。
2. 說話時，盡可能加入動作。如說"畀"(問人拿東西時)，打開手掌。這樣做可以將聲音形象化，會更易掌握。
3. 平時多做旁述，即在和孩子玩耍時，把他正在做的事，或正在留意的事，用簡單的詞語或短句說出來。如果孩子還小(3歲以下)，不妨用疊字，如："車車"、"奶奶"等。先用詞語而不用完整句子的好處是小朋友較易模仿。我們不會期望孩子一開口便能夠說完整句子，句子太長只會令他無從入手。
4. 有一點非常重要，便是讚賞。我們應就每一個可能的情況讚小朋友，即使他只發出了一個完全冇關的音，也比什麼音也不發好。即使他只是伸出手來，也比沒有反應好。適當的讚賞會令孩子更願意和我們溝通。我們在讚賞的同時，可以給予正確的示範，讓他知道應該怎樣做才好。

請你試一試，有問題不妨再提出﹗

mamee

Sam'sMummy

其實想問下, 你仔仔幾大個?

mamee

稚言治語

Sam's Mummy,

孩子現時是否正在輪候政府的服務？例如：eetc/iccc/sccc等。你知不知道還要多久才到他？照現時的進度看，他似乎很需要言語治療。

有很多人誤以為，孩子三歲還未懂說話是正常的。據我所知，一些兒科醫生及健康院的護士現時仍會這樣說，或者會叫家長不用心急，可以再等。我希望大家明白，的確有部分小朋友(我們稱為late-talkers)會較遲開始說話，但一般來說他們的理解能力相當好，只是不會表達。這些孩子就算沒有接受治療，大一點便可以追得上。但對絕大部分語言發展遲緩的孩子來說，愈早接受言語治療，他的進展便愈好，這一點已經有臨床實驗證實過。

另也有些人誤以為，孩子還未說話，便未需要見言語治療師。這也是錯的。言語治療師這個名稱其實不大正確，我們做的不僅是"說話"的訓練，而是"溝通"的訓練，語言只是溝通的其中一種工具。

所以，請你盡快聯絡醫務社工，追問排期的情況。如果經濟環境許可，可考慮私人執業的言語治療師或由志願機構辦(協康會、保良局、痙攣協會、靈實醫院、香港大學等也有)的收費服務。另外，我知道有兩間私人機構會為有經濟困難的家庭提供免費或減費服務(需符合某些條件)，如有需要，請pm我。

mrsphcheung

Dear 稚言治語,
My 4-year-old child has speech delay for about 6 months.  He likes reading books (just the pictures) and can tell simple stories with guidance.  He can answer simple questions of the stories.  He can express himself but the sentence structure is messy.  He does not perform very well in the part of 指令 due to poor attention.  Can you give me some advice to improve his weak areas.  Thanks.

longfung

Sam'sMummy,

我囝囝兩歲半時跟你囝囝情況一樣, 很喜歡自轉, 講bb話及話佢有自閉傾向, 但現在已沒有這些情況出現, 但eye-contact依然很差, 職業治療師話他前庭神經敏感, 所以怕同人有眼神接觸, 但已一點點的進步.
以我自己的經驗, 我覺得返學,盡早治療(我在排期時都是私人上協康)及多一些生活的體驗都是好的幫助. 這數月來囝囝的進步可以以突飛猛進來形容, 因為7月時我帶囝囝去溫哥華住, 他跟表哥表姊住了兩星期, 在反應及說話的能力突然提昇了很多, 而8月時他開始學體操, 9月時正式返K1(學校是活動及音樂教學)每天我都發現他有些新的句子講出來, 好像今天我駡他時, 他居然叫我細聲點, 真是不知嬲還是好笑! 所以我提議你一定要選一間活動教學及以小朋友的本的幼稚園.
小小意見, 有時間再講.

leungchai

Hi 稚言治語,

I'd like to seek some of your advice.  Well, my kid could now speak 2-3 phrases words, he likes talking but he only talk about the objects and what he sees, seldom express himself.  In addition, after he learnt his classmates names or the numbers etc, he loves to repeat those names / numbers very frequently, and during such moments when it's not applicable to say so, like eating, before going to bed etc.  I worry a lot, is this behaviour normal?  He's now 2.5 years old.

Thanks in advance.

稚言治語

mrscheung,

To improve the comprehension problem, the first thing we do is to get his attention before talking to him.  You may also train up his auditory memory span by asking him to repeat digits like "3, 7, 2, 5".  Speak slowly, around 1 digit in 1 second and allow your child to repeat.  4-year-old kids can at least repeat 4 digits.

If the child produces an agrammatical sentence, what you can do is to rephrase it (with some extention if you want to)for him. For example, when he says," 我唔開到", you can give this response, "你開唔到個蓋呀？"  By doing this, we are not only correcting him but also giving him models to follow in producing longer sentences.

4-year-old kids are expected to ask questions (such as what/where/who/why, 有冇, 係唔係, etc) for permission or information.  This is very important for enhance learning.  

稚言治語

leungchai,

2.5-year-old kids using 2-3 word phrases is okay.  What I worry is that his language output is not very functional but mainly labelling.  Repeating names/numbers/songs before going to bed is still okay for his age.  Children tends to "practise" what they learnt during the day before going to bed.  

For the rest of the day, does he tells you his needs?  How is his comprehension?  Can he answer simple questions like "who gives you the candy?" (if he is eating a candy or has one in hand).  Can he follow instructions like "擺個杯喺枱度" without any gestural cues?  When he is doing all the labelling, is he directed to you or just say the word without any intention to communicate?

These questions are very crucial.  If in doubt, I suggest you bring him to a speech therapist or to the MCHC (母嬰健康院) for an assessment.  If the assessment results tell you that your child is normal, then you will be more relaxed.  But, if unfortunately, your child really got a problem, it is always better to start training as early as you can.  It is a waste of time waiting there worrying.

mrsphcheung

Dear 稚言治語,
Thank you very much for your professional advice.  My child has started to ask questions (5W and how questions) since this March when he had his 4th birthday.  Is he a bit late to start to ask questions (a speech therapist told me that 2.5 ~ 3 years old child can start to ask questions)?  

BTW, are story-telling and group activity (my child likes to play with children) effective ways to improve his communication skill?

Thanks a lot.

稚言治語

mrscheung,

You are welcome.

Normal children start asking question by 2.5.  However, some of them are asking just for fun by that age, not really expecting an answer.  Provided that your child is able to ask questions now, you don't need to worry about whether he started late, right?  The main concern is, is he using the questions appropriately?

Yes, story-telling and group activities are good for improving communication skills, and social skills as well.  Children learn by play.  The more he is engaged with somebody, the more he learns.